Ardian, Fendi. 2021. An Analysis of Hedges and Intensifiers in the Research Report Backgrounds of Indonesian EFL Learners. Thesis. School of Graduate Program State Islamic Institute of Kediri. Advisor: (I) Nur Afifi, M.App. Ling, Ph.D., (II) Dr. Toyyibah, S.S., M.Pd. Keywords: Hedges and Intensifiers, Background, Indonesian EFL learners This present study concerns about hedges and intensifiers in the research report backgrounds of Indonesian EFL learners. It deals with the words or phrases that are about hedges and intensifiers in the research report backgrounds. It was conducted because the researcher wanted to find the words or phrases that deal with certainty and uncertainty of the claims, especially in the research report background of Indonesian EFL learners. This study reveals the words or phrases of hedges and intensifiers, the function or meaning of hedges and intensifiers, and the similarities and differences of hedges and intensifiers that are used among Indonesian EFL learners. The method of the present study is corpus-based. There are 42 research report backgrounds of Indonesian EFL learners that were reported in 2018, 2019, and 2020. The data of object were chosen randomly among Indonesian EFL learners. The instruments were AntConc corpus analysis toolkit, and the coding-scheme of hedges and intensifiers of Indonesian EFL learners. The main theory that is used in this present study is the theory of Eli Hinkel in 2005. The data are taken from the repository of Semarang State University (UNNES). In this case, the data are from undergraduate, magister, and doctoral studies. The analysis is done through AntConc and manual analysis to find the valid data of hedges and intensifiers The result shows there are several words or phrases of hedges and intensifiers as the theory of Eli Hinkel (2005). The words or phrases are adjective, noun, adverb, pronoun, determiner, prepositional phrase, adjective phrase, noun phrase, and verb phrase. The words or phrases have each function as the six categories of hedges, epistemic hedges, lexical Hedges, possibility hedges, downtoners, assertive pronouns, and adverbs of frequency. Meanwhile, the researcher deals with the intensifier that there are three categories of intensifiers, universal and negative pronouns, amplifiers, and emphatics. The similarities of hedges and intensifiers in research backgrounds are using hedges and intensifiers to modify the meaning into understandable one, then the differences are found in how the writers used, the conditions of the research report background, and the background knowledge of the writers

Ardian , Fendi .   (2023). An Analysis Of Hedges And Intensifiers In The Research Report Backgrounds Of Indonesian Efl Learners. IAIN Kediri